Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of the Crude Extracts of the Leaves of Carica papaya Linn (Pawpaw) and Psidium guajava Linn (Guava)
Microbiology Research Journal International,
Page 1-7
DOI:
10.9734/mrji/2019/v28i130120
Abstract
Psidium Guajava (Guava) and Carica Papaya leaves which have some ethnomedicinal applications were investigated. Phytochemical screening of their leaves revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, tannins and glycosides. Antimicrobial screening of the crude ethanolic extracts showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for P. gujava on the organism was found to be 5.00 mg/ml against S. aureus, E. coli and S. faecalis, while that of C. papaya leaves is 10.00 mg/ml against S. aureus, E. coli and 8.00 mg/ml against S. faecalis respectively. C. papaya ethanolic extract showed more active inhibition against S. aureus with mean zone inhibition of 9.54 ± 0.03. P. gujava ethanolic extract has more active inhibition against E. coli with antibacterial activity with mean zone of inhibition of 10.44±0.02 and S. faecalis with mean zone of inhibition of 6.72 ± 0.01 respectively. This study showed that the leaves extract of these plants are good sources of bioactive compounds. Demonstration of antibacterial activity against the test isolates is an indication that there is possibility of sourcing alternative antibiotic substances in these plants for the production of newer antibacterial agents. These plants therefore, could be an important source of medicine for the treatment of various diseases.
Keywords:
- C. papaya
- P. guajava
- secondary metabolites
- crude extracts
- S. faecalis
- S. aureus and E. coil.
How to Cite
References
Danjuma Amos Bako, Osuagbalende Adamu Jonah. Comparative phyto-chemical screening of three medicinal plant leaves. International Journal of Applied Science and Mathematical Theory. 2016;2(3):1-7.
Yusha M, Olonitola SO, Aliyu BS. Sensitivity of extended spectrum β lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae to acalyphamaccafeana extracts. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2008;1(1):15-20.
Imaga NOA, Gbenle GO, Okochi VI, Akanbi SO, Edeoghon, SO, Oigbochie V et al. Antisickling property of Carica papaya leaf extract. African Journal of Biochemistry Research. 2009;3(4):102-106.
Suresh K, Deepa P, Harisaranraj R, Vaira AV. Antimicrobial and phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Carica papaya L, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers, Euphorbia hirta L, Melia azedarach. L and Psidium guajava L. Ethnobotanical Leaflets. 2008;12:1184-1191.
Zunjar MD, Trivedi BM, Daniel M. Pharmacognostic, physicochemical and phytochemical studies on Carica papaya Linn. leaves. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2011;3(20):5-10
Baskaran C, Ratha V, Velu S, Kumaran K. The efficacy of Carica papaya leaf extract on some bacterial and a fungal strain by well diffusion method. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. 2012;658-662.
Nwinyi OC, Abikoye BA. Antifungal effects of pawpaw seed extracts and papain on post-harvest Carica papaya L. fruit rot. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 2010;5(12):1531-1535.
Udoh OD, East S. Determination of essential and nonessential metals concentration in papaya (Carica papaya) seeds, leaves and supporting soil of odoshakiso district in South East Oromia
Region, Ethiopia. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry. 2014;4(1):202- 216.
Forman HJ, Davies KJ, Ursini F. How do nutritional antioxidants really work: nucleo-philic tone and parahormesis versus free radical scavenging in vivo. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2014;66:24-35.
Alam MT, Karim MM, Khan SN. Anti-bacterial activity of different organic extracts of Achyranthes aspera and Cassia alata. J Sci Res. 2009;1:393-8.
Podsędek A. Natural antioxidants and antioxidant capacity of Brassica vegetables: A review. Food Science and Technology. 2007;40(1):1-11.
Ali M, Yahaya A, Zage AU, Yusuf ZM. In-vitro antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of Psidium guajavaon some enteric bacterial isolates of public health importance. Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Science Domain. 2017;12(3):1-7.
Biswal B, Kimberly, Fredrick M, Dwaye D, Anand Y. Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of guava (P. guajava) on two gram positive and two gram negative bacteria. International Journal of Micro-biology. 2013;2:7.
Bisht Rinky, Sheetal Chanyal, Pavan Kumar Agrawal. Antimicrobial and phytochemical analysis of leaf extracts of medicinal fruit plants. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2016;9(4):131-136.
Akinpelu DA, Kolowole DO. Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of leaf extract of Piliostigma thonningii (schum.) sci. focus J. 2004;7:64-70.
Kayalvizhi K, Cathrine L, Sahira Banu K. Phytochemical and antibacterial studies on the leaf extracts of female Carica papaya. linn International Journal of Pharm Tech Research. 2015;8(7):166-170.
Afolabi C. Akinmoladun. Evaluation of antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacities of some Nigerian indigenous medicinal plants. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2010;13(3).
Yahaya A, Ali M, Idris A. Antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of Carica papaya on some enteric bacterial isolates of public health importance. Greener Journal of Biology. 2017;7(1):001-007.
Ayoola PB, Adeyeye A. Phytochemical and nutrient evaluation of Carica papaya (pawpaw) leaves. International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Studies 2010;5(3):325-328.
Edeoga HO, Okwu DE, Mbaebie BO. Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2005;4(7):685-688.
Sofowora A. Research on medicinal plants and traditional medicine in Africa. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 1996;2(3):365–372.
Alexander Priscilla. Phytochemical screening and mineral composition of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum (Scent Leaf). International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology. 2016;4(2): 161-165.
Nwanneka Lauretta Ofodile, Ndubuisi Moses Chikere Nwakanma, Michael Mordi, Oluwakemi Ademolu. Genotoxic and antibacterial studies of the leaves of P. guajava. Euro-Asian Journal of Bio Sciences. 2013;7:60-68.
Adebayo-Tayo BC, Adegoke AA, Okoh AI, Ajibesin KK. Rationalizing some medicinal plants used in treatment of skin diseases. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2010;4(10):958-963.
Dahiya P, Purkayastha S. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against multi- drug resistant bacteria from clinical isolates. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2012;74(5):443.
-
Abstract View: 2568 times
PDF Download: 936 times
