Bacteriological Profile and Resistance of Escherichia coli to Beta-lactam for Patients Consulted at Douala Laquintinie Hospital
Essola Josiane Kikie
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMSP), University of Douala, P.O.Box-2701, Douala, Cameroon and Clinical Biology Laboratory, Laquintinie Hospital of Douala, P.O.Box-4035, Douala, Cameroon.
Medi Sike Christiane
Clinical Biology Laboratory, Laquintinie Hospital of Douala, P.O.Box-4035, Douala, Cameroon and Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, P.O.Box-47, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Embolo Enyegue Elisee Libert
Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, P.O.Box-13033, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Koa Paulin Kleber
Clinical Biology Laboratory, Laquintinie Hospital of Douala, P.O.Box-4035, Douala, Cameroon.
Ornella Vanessa Alactio Tangueu
Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, P.O.Box-13033, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Djim-Adjim-Ngana Karyom *
Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, P.O.Box-13033, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Adiogo Dieudonne
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences (FMSP), University of Douala, P.O.Box-2701, Douala, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Enterobacteriaceae are the most common causes of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. They are usually treated with beta-lactam antibiotics, i.e., penicillins, broad-spectrum cephalosporins, and carbapenems (Imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem). In order to evaluate the resistance profile of Escherichia coli (E. coli) to beta-lactam antibiotics, a 3-year retrospective study was carried out in the medical biology laboratory of the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala. The aim was to compare the behavior of Escherichia coli bacteria to penicillins, carbapenems, and cephalosporins. In order to achieve this objective, we used the results obtained from E. coli strains isolated from urine, cervico-vaginal fluid, puncture fluid, pleural fluid and pus samples. Identification was confirmed using the API 20 E Enterobacteriaceae system of biochemical testing and the VITEK 2 system. The VITEK 2 system was used to perform the antibiogram. Statistical analyses obtained from GraphPad Prim V 5.0 software allowed us to perform tests such as ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlations. Preliminary results show that E. coli bacteria are highly resistant to penicillins and significantly susceptible to cephalosporins of all generations if they are not ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamases). Data on carbapenem behavior show less resistance and moderate susceptibility.
Keywords: Bacterial resistance, antibiotics, Escherichia coli, beta-lactams, Douala